Karl Denninger gives advice to investors and discusses the Inflation / Deflation debate.
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Karl Denninger gives advice to investors and discusses the Inflation / Deflation debate.
My first post on the Slope – thank you very much Tim, for maintaining such a great forum for learning and discussion.
I would like to share my work on the cyclical nature of oscillations in the Purchasing Managers' Index, measured and published by the Institute of Supply Management in the US. While this will be the main point of the post, I will briefly give some background to the study of cycles in Economic activity.
It is of course known that the business cycle influences just about everything in the economy. Mainstream economics primarily focuses on inventory cycles and frequently accompanying cycles in monetary policy. These usually last no longer than 3-5 years. However, mainstream economics tends to ignore fairly apparent cycles that span decades.
Brian Berry described and analysed roughly 30 year cycles in US economic activity, centred around infrastructure investments and capital stock replacement. For more information, please refer to his brilliant book (Long-wave Rhythms in Economic Development and Political Behaviour, 1991). In the future, I will aim to write up a brief introduction into his work and illustrate with examples by analysing roughly 30 year cycles in US Industrial Production (IP).
For now, I will just say that there is some evidence that a 30 year Berry cycle finished with a collapse in US IP into June 2009. A new 30 year Berry cycle has thus likely begun, and will be most similar (again, for reasons which I will aim to elucidate in the future) to the 1921-1946 cycle. Note that the cycle that has just begun will be most similar to the one that spanned the Great Depression and the second World War. If this analysis is correct (and it was very useful to predict both the downswing in 2000, upswing in 2003 and the most recent collapse), then we can expect an early peak in US IP, likely around 2012, followed by bleak "teens".
Now on to the ISM PMI.
First, the charts. As mentioned above, I see US economic activity unfolding in cycles roughly 30 years in length. The most recent cycles are 1946-1980 and 1980-2009. These cycles are clearly evident in US IP data and in ISM figures (chart 1)
Chart 1: ISM PMI 1946-present
The chart presents two complete time series: ISM PMI levels from 1946 to 1980 in red and 1980 to 2008/9 in blue. Major peaks and troughs are clearly aligned. The last drop in the blue line came earlier than expected, but was well telegraphed by IP charts and other indicators. What is important now is that the very sharp rise in the index since December 2008 (shown in green on the far left of the chart – the third and incomplete time series) probably signals the start of the new cycle.
Interestingly, the cycles above can each be divided into three roughly equal (in time) parts, of about 10 years each. It makes most sense to compare like with like, so I will compare the 10 year cycles that began their respective 30 year cycles. However, comparing 10 year cycles that are in the middle of the longer cycle with each other or even with other 10 year cycles (placed elsewhere in the longer cycle) yields similar results – major peaks and troughs overlap.
Chart 2: ISM PMI (selected) 10 year cycles
Chart 2 shows three complete time series of ISM PMI: 1946-1958, 1980-1991 and 1991-2001. It also shows the incomplete cycle that began in December 2008. It is again clear that major peaks and troughs align across the cycles. What is of note is that cycles that begin their respective higher order (30 year) cycles, such as the 1946-1958 and 1980-1991 cycles experience deeper retracements to the initial surge off the cycle low, compared to the 1991-2001 cycle (which is in the middle of its higher-order 30 year cycle).
According to the cyclicality thus established and demonstrated, we can expect either protracted stalling of ISM PMI around current levels (basically, hovering around 50) for the next 12-15 months or, with higher probability, a rather deep retracement, possibly as far down as low 40s or high 30s. Needless to say, this will be a very big surprise to risk and related markets, which are priced for a rather ambitious 3.5% or so growth for 2010. Again, if the economy proceeds to develop along the lines that are typical, we should expect the ISM PMI to drop into late 2010, and then rise into mid 2012. After that, we should have anaemic "teens".
In summary, we can expect continuous weakness in the ISM PMI from now on, for at least 12 months. If you have any questions, please write to me on [email protected]
Thank you and have a great trading week.
Hello again everyone! This is Brian Johnson from www.thestockmentor.com. I
was asked after my last video if I could give my longer term outlook on the
markets. I’ve been following a few things that may be of interest to some of
you so I thought I’d do a quick video. It truly is a ‘slippery slope’ we find
ourselves perched on.
We’re in the middle of a very strong bull run but, as we
all know, what goes up must come down. It’s not healthy for the markets to
continue straight up without some kind of a pullback. The big questions
remains……how far down will we go? Will the bulls stop it short of the bottom or
are we going to plunge to new depths? Watch the video and the potential
formation the DOW is working on. Things that make you go Hmmmmmmmmm…….
(Editor's note: Market Sniper has put together a scintillating read here. I said earlier today I was short gold. My use of GDX and GLD are as very short-term trading vehicles (measured between hours and a few days). I did, as a side note, take handsome profits in GDX and 90% of my GLD shorts today; I am short just 1000 GLD right now, with a much looser stop, and I closed my DZZ trade as well. My point in saying all this is to not be confused by my own use of precious metals ETFs as trading instruments and the "broad view" that Market Sniper is offering below. – – Tim)
I wish to thank our gracious host, TK, for allowing us to post our trades and thoughts on this forum. Though only here on the Slope for a short time, the range of ideas, concepts and abilities demonstrated by individuals in this community has never ceased to amaze. What I propose do do with this post is to present one man's world view that has lead me to an inescapable "bearish" conclusion.
Money
The very basis of the case, I believe, goes to the question of "money": what it is and how it is created. We all use "money" but few understand it.
Money is by its very definition value in exchange. All economic transactions are exchanges; trades, if you will. If employed by another, you trade your time and skills for his "money." That "money" is then used to exchange or trade for goods and services that you want and/or need. Money as used today, throughout the planet, is a debt instrument. It represents debt out of which it is created.
I used to be a real estate appraiser and, from time to time, I would ask the listing broker on a house sale where the broker thought the money came from for the real estate loan in the transaction. Can't remember one who had the correct answer. Correct answer: until the loan was funded, the "money" did not exist in the known universe. The borrower created it when he signed the loan documents. He forged his own chains of debt enslavement. For value in exchange, it is always best for that value to remain constant or as close to constant as possible. How can a man know the value of his own labor if what he is paid for that labor is subject to constant change? How can you have equitable contract law under such conditions? Indeed, how can you maintain an equitable society under such conditions? You cannot.
What can be used for this "constant" value in exchange? Many things have been tried since the dawn of man. Only one thing has stood the test of time: gold. There are many reasons for that which would be a post just in itself. Don't argue with history, learn from it. The very fundamental basis of the system of money we now use is based upon a fundamental fraud. The fraud of central bank (usually private) monetized debt fractional banking money creation or the fiat money (money by government decree) system. What we use as money does not come from wealth or represent wealth. It comes from debt and represents debt. A system that historically has failed without exception.
Previously, such fiat failure was limited to single countries. This time it is different. The fiat system is worldwide. We are in uncharted territory historically in that regard. Fiat failure (currency collapse) leads to riots, rebellions, revolutions, civil wars, governmental terror and all manner of civil mayhem, historically, without exception. Even here in the USA, the collapse of the Continental Dollar lead to rebellion and mayhem but it also lead the the US Constitution. What we see in history is the following: commodity based money system devolves into a fiat money system. Fiat money system collapses and there is a return to a commodity based money system. The pendulum of history swings back and forth.
Cycles
I believe we live at a critical time of cycle confluence. James Dale Davidson and Lord William Rees-Mogg have written a book that I highly recommend you read, The Great Reckoning. They make the case for a 500 year cycle and hypothesized the possible existence of a 2,000 year cycle but there, as yet, is no data to substantiate a 2,000 year cycle. The case for the 500 year cycle is compelling. Going backwards in time: Early 1500's, the formation of the first central bank, the Bank of England; 1066, the Battle of Hastings which forever altered the face of the Western world; 410 AD, the sack of Rome and the year zero which saw the rise of Christianity which also changed the face of the Western world. The next shortest cycle theory available is the Kondratiev Long Wave (or K Wave) Theory. It does have its problems but can be of some benefit. Here is one view of the K waves in action:
| Period | Date | Innovation | Saturation point |
|---|---|---|---|
| First Industrial Revolution | Circa 1800 – 1850 | Cotton based technology; spinning weaving, etc. | 1810 –end of Napoleonic Wars |
| Second Industrial Revolution | Circa 1850 – 1900 | Age of steam; railways, shipping, heavy industry, iron and steel, etc. | 1870s |
| Third Industrial revolution | 1908 – 1947 | Petrochemicals, internal combustion engine, electrification. | Inter-war slump 1920s and 30s |
| Post-war Boom | 1947 – 1991 | Consumer goods, electronics, etc. | 1973 |
| Contemporary Era | 1991 – present | Internet, wireless technology, biotechnology, etc. | 2010s |
As we drill down, the next shortest cycle period that I follow was developed by Martin Armstrong. The 8.6 year cycle. Armstrong started his work with the Kondratiev Cycle and applied Pi to it. His work can be found on the net in pdf format and is worth a good look. Mr. Armstrong's legal quagmire is convoluted and I will not address that here. Not withstanding, his work has merit. Con man? Quack? Genius? That I leave up to you. I personally consider him the greatest living cycle theorist. Here is Armstrong's cycle:
Armstrong's work appears to coincide with Elliot Wave Theory which is calling for a climatic wave down in the super cycle. Perhaps Armstrong's work points to a time frame at the bottom of that wave, mid-year 2011. For a very recent look at Martin Armstrong, there is an article in the October 12, 2009 issue of The New Yorker magazine.
Where We Are Now?
In a dictatorship, the dictator does not care what you think, just what you do (how you act). In the system we have, the ruling elites do not care what you do (there is police function to deal with that), just what you think.
To this end, there is a very well oiled perception manipulation machine in place. It is there to mold what you think.
Prime examples: gold is quoted in the fiat of your choice and appears to rise and fall in value. It does not. The fluctuations you see is actually the perceived value of fiat fluctuating. Gold is a constant measure of wealth and purchasing power. To see the reality, flip it around. Think of it this way: quote fiat in gold. Along the same line, the manipulation machine denigrates non-believers in the fiat fairyland and those who do not believe in modern wizards and alchemists (central bankers) as "gold bugs" and gold as "a barbaric relic." Words have meaning and the negative connotations are obvious.
The manipulation machine goes much further and "spins" economic data, some of which is made up nearly out of whole cloth. Unemployment statistics being a prime example. As Dear Old Dad Used To Say..figures lie and liars figure! I liken what we are seeing and have seen in the very recent past to a force 5 hurricane. The leading edge has now passed through. We are now in the eye of that economic hurricane. In the eye, you look straight up and you see clear skies, your perception manipulated by that machine. What is coming from the trailing edge of that hurricane appears to be even more powerful than what has already passed.
The collapse of many of the toxic weapons of mass financial destruction, the hedge derivative swaps, that triggered recent events are, in notational value, even LARGER than before. We have cycle confluence and a competitive devaluation race to zero in fiat worldwide. The conclusions reached seem fairly obvious to me. What could happen to change my perception? At this point only one thing. A HUGE breakthrough in energy technology. The modern economy is petroleum-based and not sustainable. A relatively inexpensive and plentiful alternative energy source, perhaps a MAJOR breakthrough in fusion technology, could do the trick but that maybe decades away and we are running out of time. Current alternatives are NOT viable as the resources required to allow a transformation away from oil as the energy source are also limited. See Dr. Stephen Leeb's Game Over for an in depth treatment of the subject. We are, in my opinion, about to face a world with a marked decrease in living standards planet wide.
What To Do Now?
Most here on Slope trade with short term time horizons, myself included. As such, our long term bias MUST be left a the door to our trading room.
Longer-term I see that the market is no longer pricing in outlier probabilities and outcomes. As traders, we deal with an unknowable future by thinking in probabilities. Probabilities are distributed on a bell curve with the most probable outcomes centered in the middle of the curve and the least probable outcomes at the ends of the curve (fat tails, outliers or Black Swan probabilities).
We have recently witnessed improbable outcomes come to pass at an increased rate of speed through time. What used to be decades between outliers have become a few years or even months as the bell curve continues to shift to the right. Now fat tail outcomes are almost too horrendous to contemplate. This has created, in my option, a mispriced market. Which way it goes, deflation or hyper inflation cannot be known and a great deal of debate between better minds than I are engaged in that issue.
Play both possible scenarios. Long term, deep out of the money calls and puts in the vehicle of your choice. Could be BOTH trades end up making money…..lots of money. More long term, exchange your depreciating fiat for REAL money every chance you get. Not as a "trade" but as a store of wealth and purchasing power. Get out of debt by any possible means. Those with debt are getting wiped out. Time to get small. If your already small, get smaller. Even longer term? You might want to brush up on your gardening and farming skills. Buy farmland in resource rich countries that will most likely weather the coming storm better than others. Canada and Australia would be prime targets for such an acquisition.
Conclusion
A wise man hedges his downside risks. Hope for the best but prepare for the absolute worst. No surprises then. Nothing would make me happier than to be proven absolutely wrong in my perception. The weight of history tells me that I am not likely to become "happy" however. Please protect yourselves and your families as best you can. It could be that those without gold will not eat. Those without farm-able land may also have trouble with basic survival. What you do NOT want to happen is to go to bed one night and wake up in the morning to a world that has shifted on its axis while you were asleep. A world you will not recognize.
For those fascinated by financial history, like me, there is an excellent blog summarizing the day in news from 1930 (http://newsfrom1930.blogspot.com/). One of the notable aspects of news from the fall of 1930 is the amount of cautious optimism about how things are turning up. It sounds quite similar to this fall:
F.
Purnell, Youngstown
Sheet & Tube Pres.: “There are plenty of evidences that the steel industry
is looking up. We have passed through many months of depression but that is all
behind us. … Industries consuming steel are increasing activities.” (10/16/30)
Many of the Q3 earnings reports so far have been “fair reading,” especially in
light of the pessimism going into earnings season (10/22/30)
One fact I found interesting is the parallel in the decline in rail car loadings, 2009 versus 1930, which I have put in a table below:
Rail Car Loadings: First Week in October
|
|
Current Year |
Year Earlier |
Change |
|
1930 |
954,874 |
1,179,540 |
(19.0%) |
|
2009 |
273,429 |
330,228 |
(17.2%) |
For those who might think this is irrelevant, given the diminished role of railroads in our modern society, take a look at one of the better measures of "real" economic activity — Port of Long Beach container statistics. The story is quite similar:
![]()
Latest Month
Container Trade in TEUs*
|
|
September |
Fiscal Year to |
||||
|
|
2009*** |
2008 |
%Change |
2009*** |
2008 |
%Change |
|
Loaded Inbound |
224,924 |
279,137 |
-19.4% |
2,612,227 |
3,337,717 |
-21.7% |
|
Loaded Outbound |
109,337 |
129,630 |
-15.7% |
1,331,872 |
1,782,298 |
-25.3% |
|
Empties |
106,103 |
146,070 |
-27.4% |
1,338,286 |
1,616,741 |
-17.2% |
|
TOTAL (T.E.U.) |
440,364 |
554,837 |
-20.6% |
5,282,385 |
6,736,756 |
-21.6 |
Is this information "tradeable.' Not really, unless you are looking into companies like UPS and UNP, both in a tailspin due to earnings I believe. But does this information add some big picture conviction to my conclusion that the current rally has gone too far, too fast? No question.